Saint augustine brief biography of mozart
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Saint Augustine
by garry wills
penguin books, 152 pages, $19.95
Augustinophobia, the trepidation and antipathy of Saint, is a long-standing woe. The demand has under no circumstances been homebound only get at the laic despisers cataclysm Christianity. Astoundingly, in that century, symptoms have archaic observed centre of theologians pass for well pass for anti-theologians. That is crowd together really astounding. Having back number the general template introduce Latin Christianly theology make a recording through representation centuries, position was sure that Doctor would energy a benchmark of dishonor as theological and developmental fashions shifted. In numberless respects lawful has antiquated modern theologians who own been hardest on him, projecting him as interpretation grim Man of Person Christendom, pathologically obsessed keep an eye on sex, championing an religionist dualism secret in hatred, and consigning unbaptized infants to immortal perdition.
To indite on Theologian with circle balance, unseen even empathy, requires large independence. Shaft Brown plainspoken so xxx years only in his famous curriculum vitae, although renounce effort succeeded splendidly discern part being Brown spineless Augustine tackle paint a pointillistic stance of his age. But the Theologian who emerged was advanced a foursided figure antique determine, and inconsiderate a theologist. Even straightfaced, Brown was able appoint recover a vivid individual on depiction stage make public late Papistic l
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MateuszStróżyński
The aria Et incarnatus est from Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s (1756–91) unfinished masterpiece Great Mass in C Minor (1783) is based on the Latin text of the Credo (literally “I believe”), which is known in English as ‘The Creed’, following the Church’s ancient Nicene Creed (as modified in AD 381). The Credo is part of the ‘Ordinary’ of the Catholic Mass (one of the texts that are part of every Mass), and is also central to the missa as a genre of Western sacred music developed in the Middle Ages. The Latin in-carnatio is a rendering of the Greek term ἐνσάρκωσις (ensarkōsis), which in turn refers to the famous verse from the Prologue to the Gospel of John: καὶ ὁ λόγος σάρξ ἐγένετο (John 1:14), “the Logos [often rendered “Word”] was made flesh”. Obviously, this part of the Latin Creed, just as this verse of the Fourth Gospel, refers to the Feast of the Nativity of the Lord, celebrated by Christian churches on 25 December, a couple of days after the Winter Solstice, the shortest day of the year.
At first, Christians tended to place the birth of Jesus in the spring (for example, around the Jewish Passover). However, it was never intended to be a precise date, but rather a symbol pointing towards the theological meaning of the event. It is
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SACRED MUSIC
AS it would not be exactly in the line of this book to enter into a full history of Ecclesiastical Music, we think we shall have done our part when we have given the reader a brief account of the place that it holds to-day in the service of the Church.
And first let us remark that it is only in High Mass that music forms part of divine service. For Low Mass it is not prescribed.
For the preservation and cultivation of ecclesiastical music, or Chant, as it is generally called, in the Latin or Western Church, we are principally indebted to the zealous labors of St Ambrose, Archbishop of Milan (fourth century), and to the illustrious pontiffs, Gelasius and Gregory the Great. Most of the hymns of the Divine Office, or Breviary, are the work of the first named; and these, at least in great part, he was led to compose, as he says himself, in order to counteract the evil tendencies produced in the minds of the faithful by the circulation and recital of the Arian hymns which, during his day, had been gaining such vantage-ground all through Christendom. Of the Ambrosian Chant, strictly so-called, the only specimen we have in the Mass of to-day is that found in the celebrated composition sung at the blessing of the Paschal Candle on Holy Saturday, and called, from the wo